MUSCLE ACTIVITY OF UPPER AND LOWER TRAPEZIUS AND SERRATUS ANTERIOR DURING UNLOADED AND MAXIMAL LOADED SHOULDER FLEXION AND EXTENSION

Muscle activity of upper and lower trapezius and serratus anterior during unloaded and maximal loaded shoulder flexion and extension

Altered scapular muscle activity is mostly described under unloaded and submaximal loaded conditions in impingement patients.However, there is no clear evidence on muscle activity with respect to movement phases under maximum load in healthy subjects.Therefore, this study aimed to investigate scapular muscle activity under unloaded and maximum load

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Characterization of porphobilinogen deaminase mutants reveals that arginine-173 is crucial for polypyrrole elongation mechanism

Summary: Porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), the third enzyme in the heme biosynthesis, catalyzes the sequential coupling of four porphobilinogen (PBG) molecules into a heme precursor.Mutations in PBGD are associated with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), a rare metabolic disorder.We used Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

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Flood trends along the Rhine: the role of river training

Several Option Switch Visor previous studies have detected positive trends in flood flows in German rivers, among others, at Rhine gauges over the past six decades.The presence and detectability of the climate change signal in flood records has been controversially discussed, particularly against the background of massive river training measures in

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The early evolutionary history of neo-sex chromosomes in Neotropical grasshoppers, Boliviacris noroestensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Melanoplinae)

Neo-sex chromosomes are an important component of chromosome variation in Orthoptera, particularly South American Melanoplinae species, which have proven to be outstanding experimental model system to study the mechanism of sex chromosome evolution in this group of insects.In terms of their origin, most derived sex chromosome mechanisms involve a R

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